What is the relative gain at the edge of the radar beam?

The relative gain at the edge of the radar beam is typically expressed as -3 dB. This value signifies that the power level of the radar signal at the edge of the beam is half of its maximum value when measured at the center.

In radar systems, the gain indicates how effectively the radar is able to send and receive signals. The -3 dB point is a standard reference that marks the transition from the optimal performance zone of the radar to a lower performance threshold. At this point, the radar's sensitivity and detection capabilities diminish, as the energy has spread out and the signal has weakened.

Understanding this concept is essential in radar meteorology because it helps meteorologists interpret the range and effectiveness of radar systems in detecting precipitation and atmospheric phenomena. The reference level of -3 dB serves as a critical boundary, denoting the limitations of the radar's operational capabilities, particularly regarding distance and accuracy in detecting targets.