What is the primary reason for choosing S-band for the WSR-88D radar?

The primary reason for choosing S-band for the WSR-88D radar relates to the benefits of utilizing larger wavelengths, which indeed help in mitigating the effects of the Doppler dilemma. The Doppler dilemma refers to the trade-off between achieving good range resolution and good Doppler resolution. In radar meteorology, larger wavelengths, such as those in the S-band, are less impacted by small-scale targets like raindrops, thus allowing for better measurement of the motion and intensity of precipitation.

By using S-band frequencies, the radar can effectively penetrate through precipitation without significant signal attenuation and maintain a clearer return signal. This results in improved detection of storms and their dynamics, enabling forecasters to make more accurate assessments of weather phenomena. The larger wavelengths associated with S-band also contribute to reducing the ambiguity in velocity measurements, which is crucial for correctly identifying storm rotation and severe weather.

In contrast, other choices offer considerations that don't align as closely with the primary advantages provided by S-band frequencies. For example, while resolution is important, the choice of wavelength goes beyond simply the size of the reflector or just improving Doppler resolution without acknowledging the broader impacts related to precipitation interaction. Thus, the benefits of larger wavelengths in reducing the Doppler dilemma are the key