What is the frequency range of the X band?

The X band is widely recognized in radar meteorology and other applications for its specific frequency range, which is from 8 to 12 GHz. This frequency range is particularly advantageous for weather radar applications because the wavelengths associated with the X band allow for effective sensing of precipitation and cloud structures while maintaining the ability to detect smaller particles, such as raindrops.

This frequency range is significant when considering the operational capabilities of radar systems, as it balances range and resolution effectively, making it suitable for real-time meteorological observations. The wavelengths associated with X band radar, which range from approximately 3.75 cm to 2.5 cm, enable both short-range and medium-range weather radar applications, facilitating the identification of meteorological phenomena such as storms, tornadoes, and other severe weather conditions.