What is a switched radar in the context of dual polarimetric radar systems?

In the context of dual polarimetric radar systems, a switched radar refers to the technique where the radar transmits one pulse using one polarization, then listens for the returns before transmitting a subsequent pulse using a different polarization. This method enables the system to collect data for both horizontal and vertical polarizations, which is essential for obtaining comprehensive information about the precipitation particles in the atmosphere.

The ability to switch between polarizations allows for improved differentiation of precipitation types and enhances the radar's measurement capabilities, such as estimating size, shape, and density of hydrometeors. By analyzing the returned signals from both polarizations, meteorologists can gain insights into the microphysical properties of clouds and precipitation, thus enhancing the accuracy of weather predictions.

The other options describe different radar functionalities that do not pertain to the dual polarization switching capability. Continuous transmission of multiple polarizations or being limited to a fixed polarization does not utilize the switched radar technique's advantages for varied atmospheric assessments. Additionally, a radar solely using horizontal polarization would miss the benefits gained from dual polarization measurements.