How is a simultaneous radar defined?

A simultaneous radar is defined as a dual-polarimetric radar that can emit and receive both vertical and horizontal polarization signals at the same time. This capability allows for enhanced data collection about precipitation and other meteorological phenomena, improving the understanding of the microphysics of hydrometeors (like raindrops, snowflakes, and hail). By measuring the different polarizations simultaneously, the radar can provide richer information on the shape, size, and type of precipitation.

In contrast, the other options describe different radar capabilities but do not accurately define a simultaneous radar. A radar that emits only one polarization at a time limits its ability to gather comprehensive data, while a system that receives signals from multiple angles pertains to antenna design rather than simultaneous polarization. Time division for data collection also refers to a method of managing when data is collected rather than the concurrent measurement of multiple polarizations, which is the defining feature of simultaneous radar.